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Related Concept Videos

Herpes01:28

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Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
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Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
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Examination of Oral Candida Infection in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients
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Urban legends: recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

L Baccaglini1, R V Lalla, A J Bruce

  • 1Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-3628, USA. lbaccaglini@dental.ufl.edu

Oral Diseases
|August 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is common, but its links to Behçet's disease and PFAPA syndrome are unclear. While associated with celiac disease, new treatments show some effectiveness despite high bias potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral medicine
  • Immunology
  • Systemic diseases

Background:

  • Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a prevalent idiopathic oral ulcerative condition.
  • Its etiopathogenesis remains unclear, yet treatments are continually explored to alleviate pain and dysfunction.
  • Associations between RAS and systemic diseases like Behçet's disease (BD), PFAPA syndrome, celiac disease (CD), and B12 deficiency are debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate controversial aspects of RAS, including its relationship with BD and PFAPA syndrome.
  • To explore potential associations between RAS and systemic conditions such as celiac disease and B12 deficiency.
  • To review emerging treatments for RAS based on recent clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive literature searches were conducted to gather relevant studies.
  • A systematic review of controlled trials for RAS treatments was performed.
  • Evidence was analyzed to address specific controversial topics regarding RAS etiology and management.

Main Results:

  • Complex aphthosis is not considered a mild form of Behçet's disease in Western regions.
  • Diagnostic criteria for PFAPA syndrome show low specificity, requiring further investigation into its oral ulcer characteristics.
  • RAS shows a potential association with celiac disease, though these ulcers may differ from typical RAS; B12 deficiency is rarely linked, but B12 treatment might offer benefits.
  • Thirty-three controlled trials on new RAS treatments reported some effectiveness, but with a high potential for bias.

Conclusions:

  • RAS is distinct from Behçet's disease and PFAPA syndrome requires further clarification.
  • An association between oral ulcers and celiac disease is possible, and B12 supplementation may warrant further investigation.
  • New RAS treatments demonstrate potential efficacy, but rigorous trials are needed to mitigate bias.