[Do there still exist risk factors for breast cancer?]

To evaluate the risk factors associated with a breast cancer, and to compare the proportion of women at high and low risk for developing breast cancer.

Retrospective study among 194 women with breast cancer between January 2007 and December 2008 in the Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine department of the Amiens' University hospital.

Concerning all the series, only age, overweight and family antecedents seem risk factors of breast cancer. The proportion of women in the low-risk group (12.3%) is not significantly different from that of the high-risk group (18.5%). In the low-risk group, the factors which seem to influence a breast cancer are those in connection with high levels of estrogens (early age of the first menstruation, late age of the menopause and oral contraceptive use) and the smoke habitus; whereas in the high-risk group, the factors are the nulliparity and the absence of breast feeding.

One finds in this series a part only of the known risk factors of breast cancer; and the proportion of women at low risk (12.3%) is comparable with that at high risk (18.5%). This study shows the relative weight of the various risk factors of breast cancer, at a time when its prevalence reached 10%.