How reliable are the functional connectivity networks of MEG in resting states?

We investigated the reliability of nodal network metrics of functional connectivity (FC) networks of magnetoencephalography (MEG) covering the whole brain at the sensor level in the eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) resting states. Mutual information (MI) was employed as a measure of FC between sensors in theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands of MEG signals. MI matrices were assessed with three nodal network metrics, i.e., nodal degree (Dnodal), nodal efficiency (Enodal), and betweenness centrality (normBC). Intraclass correlation (ICC) values were calculated as a measure of reliability. We observed that the test-retest reliabilities of the resting states ranged from a poor to good level depending on the bands and metrics used for defining the nodal centrality. The dominant alpha-band FC network changes were the salient features of the state-related FC changes. The FC networks in the EO resting state showed greater reliability when assessed by Dnodal (maximum mean ICC = 0.655) and Enodal (maximum mean ICC = 0.604) metrics. The gamma-band FC network was less reliable than the theta, alpha, and beta networks across the nodal network metrics. However, the sensor-wise ICC values for the nodal centrality metrics were not uniformly distributed, that is, some sensors had high reliability. This study provides a sense of how the nodal centralities of the human resting state MEG are distributed at the sensor level and how reliable they are. It also provides a fundamental scientific background for continued examination of the resting state of human MEG.