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Updated: May 29, 2026

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
Published on: May 28, 2014
Synthesis and properties of metal-ligand complexes with endohedral amine functionality
Amber M Johnson1, Orly Moshe, Ana S Gamboa
1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States.
Abstract:
A series of tetracationic M(2)L(4) palladium-pyridyl complexes with endohedral amine functionality have been synthesized. The complexes were analyzed by NMR techniques (including Diffusion NMR and 2D NOESY), electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. The solid state analysis shows a large change in crystal morphology upon introduction of the endohedral amine groups, caused by deleterious interactions between the amines and the triflate counterions from the coordination process. Combination of different ligands allows analysis of ligand exchange rates via NMR analysis, with half-lives on the order of 3 h, independent of the donor properties of the ligand. Self-sorting behavior is observed, with more electron-rich ligands being favored. The amine-containing and extended complexes are strongly fluorescent, giving quantum yields of up to 83%.
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