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Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
SBAR II: Application of SBAR01:14

SBAR II: Application of SBAR

SBAR is an effective communication tool used by healthcare professionals to communicate patient information accurately. SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. For a better understanding, an example is given below.
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...

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Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
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Published on: June 11, 2012

Creating a perioperative glycemic control program.

Sara M Alexanian1, Marie E McDonnell, Shamsuddin Akhtar

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Boston University Medical Center, 88 East Newton Street, Evans 201, Boston, MA 02118, USA.

Anesthesiology Research and Practice
|September 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Managing hyperglycemia in surgical patients is crucial for preventing complications. This study outlines a multidisciplinary strategy for identifying and treating high blood sugar in diabetic patients undergoing surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Patient Management

Background:

  • Hyperglycemia is a known risk factor for postoperative complications.
  • Limited literature exists on perioperative hyperglycemia management strategies.
  • Effective glucose control is essential for surgical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present institutional strategies for identifying and managing perioperative hyperglycemia in diabetic patients.
  • To detail a comprehensive approach to glucose control during the surgical continuum.
  • To provide standardized recommendations for patient care.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on recognizing hyperglycemia and metabolic abnormalities.
  • Utilizing insulin infusions for glucose level control when necessary.
  • Implementing vigilant monitoring for hypoglycemia.
  • Adopting a multidisciplinary approach across care transitions.

Main Results:

  • The presented strategies facilitate structured management of hyperglycemia.
  • Standardized recommendations improve patient care from preoperative to inpatient settings.
  • The approach addresses both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia risks.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive, multidisciplinary strategy is effective for managing perioperative hyperglycemia in diabetic surgical patients.
  • Standardized protocols enhance patient safety and outcomes.
  • This approach ensures consistent care throughout the perioperative period.