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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP)
11:09

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP)

Published on: March 25, 2012

Long noncoding RNA and epigenomics.

Chandrasekhar Kanduri1

  • 1Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. kanduri.chandrasekhar@genpat.uu.se

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|September 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their roles beyond basic functions, influencing complex biological processes. This chapter explores how these molecules epigenetically regulate chromatin structure to control gene transcription.

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Eukaryotic genomes are pervasively transcribed, producing diverse small and long noncoding RNAs.
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were once considered non-functional but are now linked to critical biological processes.
  • A subset of lncRNAs interacts with chromatin, suggesting a role in indexing genetic information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the role of noncoding RNAs in transcriptional regulation.
  • To explore how lncRNAs epigenetically regulate chromatin structure.
  • To examine these mechanisms across various biological contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Review of accumulating evidence from the last decade.
  • Analysis of studies investigating lncRNA function.
  • Discussion of transcriptional regulation and epigenetic modifications.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs are involved in a wide array of biological functions, including physiology, embryology, and development.
  • Specific lncRNAs utilize chromatin as a substrate to mediate their biological functions.
  • Transcription of noncoding RNAs plays a crucial role in epigenetic regulation of chromatin.

Conclusions:

  • Noncoding RNAs, particularly lncRNAs, are key regulators of transcriptional processes.
  • Epigenetic modification of chromatin structure by lncRNAs is a significant mechanism for gene regulation.
  • Understanding lncRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation is vital for comprehending diverse biological functions.