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Aversive conditioning in the sociopath.

E Ziskind, K Syndulko, I Maltzman

    The Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science
    |October 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Sociopaths struggle with differential skin conductance response (SCR) conditioning, showing a disconnect between learning and physiological responses. This impaired conditioning may persist over trials, unlike in controls.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Psychophysiology

    Background:

    • Sociopathy is characterized by antisocial behavior and emotional deficits.
    • Previous research suggests potential neurological and hormonal underpinnings of sociopathy.
    • Understanding conditioning deficits may offer insights into sociopathy's etiology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate differential skin conductance response (SCR) conditioning in sociopaths compared to normal controls.
    • To explore differences in conditioning between sociopaths and sociopaths in partial remission.
    • To examine the relationship between awareness of conditioning contingencies and physiological responses.

    Main Methods:

    • Two experiments involving differential conditioning of SCR were conducted.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants included sociopaths, sociopaths in partial remission, and normal control subjects.
  • Awareness of the conditioning contingency was assessed in all participants.

    • Main Results:

    • Sociopaths showed a dissociation between verbal learning and SCR conditioning, unlike controls.
    • Differential SCR conditioning was impaired in sociopaths and did not persist over trials.
    • Aware subjects in both sociopath and control groups demonstrated differential SCR conditioning.

    Conclusions:

    • Sociopathy is associated with specific deficits in psychophysiological conditioning.
    • Neurological dysfunctions and neuropeptide deficiencies (e.g., ACTH 4--10) may contribute to sociopathy.
    • Further research into neuropeptides is recommended for understanding and treating sociopathy.