Importance of Doppler sonography in urology

There have been major advances in Doppler technology over the last 5 years which are particularly useful in the field of urology. In the early 1980s the clinical significance of Doppler was limited to the diagnosis of testicular torsion and its use was primarily intraoperative. Today, however, new advances, i.e. pulsed Doppler, duplex sonography, and color-coded duplex sonography (angiodynography), have cleared the way for totally new approaches to vascular impotence, renal artery stenosis, renal artery embolus, intratumor flow measurement, and control of renal transplants. These new technical advances will be exemplified in typical pathological states.