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Coexistence and coevolution in fluctuating environments: can the storage effect evolve?

Robin E Snyder¹, Peter B Adler

¹Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. res29@case.edu

The American Naturalist

|September 30, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The temporal storage effect aids species coexistence but requires variable germination. This effect can evolve only if germination predicts good years or one species evolves slowly, otherwise, it disappears.

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Evolutionary Biology
Theoretical Ecology

Background:

Theoretical and empirical studies indicate that the temporal storage effect promotes species coexistence.
The storage effect relies on fluctuating demographic rates, such as variable germination, which can decrease fitness.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the evolutionary stability of the temporal storage effect.
To determine the conditions under which variable germination, a key component of the storage effect, can evolve in competing species.

Main Methods:

Utilized a mathematical model to simulate competing annual plants.
Analyzed the conditions for the evolution of germination rates and the persistence of the storage effect.

Main Results:

Variable germination, and thus the storage effect, evolves only if germination is positively correlated with high-fecundity years (predictive germination) or if one species exhibits limited evolutionary capacity.
In the absence of these conditions, the storage effect is evolutionarily unstable, leading to coevolution of constant germination rates and the elimination of the storage effect.

Conclusions:

The widespread occurrence of the temporal storage effect may depend on germination being commonly linked to favorable conditions or on community assembly being driven by biogeographic factors rather than solely by coevolution.
Understanding these evolutionary dynamics is crucial for predicting species coexistence in fluctuating environments.