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Related Concept Videos

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...

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Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
10:59

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

Published on: August 21, 2021

Connections between 3'-end processing and DNA damage response.

Murat A Cevher1, Frida E Kleiman

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
|September 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The cellular DNA damage response (DDR) involves intricate protein changes for gene expression and DNA repair. 3'-end processing of mRNA is crucial for DDR and cellular recovery after DNA damage.

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The DNA damage response (DDR) coordinates gene expression and DNA repair through protein modifications.
  • DDR involves interactions between DNA repair, transcription, and RNA processing systems.
  • Cellular recovery after DNA damage relies on transcription-coupled repair (TCR) and regulated mRNA levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanistic links between 3'-end processing and the DDR.
  • To discuss the implications of disrupted 3'-end processing in cellular recovery from DNA damage.
  • To highlight the importance of mRNA maturation in DNA damage response.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of mechanistic connections between 3'-end processing and DDR.
  • Analysis of gene-specific effects on mRNA levels post-DNA damage.
  • Discussion of the role of 3'-end processing in mRNA stability and turnover.

Main Results:

  • 3'-end processing regulates both general and gene-specific DDR.
  • Changes in mRNA stability and turnover contribute to altered mRNA levels during DDR.
  • Deregulation of 3'-end processing impacts cellular recovery after DNA damage.

Conclusions:

  • 3'-end processing is a critical regulatory step in mRNA maturation impacting DDR.
  • Understanding 3'-end processing's role is vital for comprehending cellular responses to DNA damage.
  • Further research is needed in this relatively unexplored area of DDR and mRNA processing.