Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Language Development01:22

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Emphysematous Cystitis Complicated by Pneumorrhachis.

Cureus·2022
Same author

Vowel Duration Discrimination of Children With Childhood Apraxia of Speech: A Preliminary Study.

American journal of speech-language pathology·2019
Same author

Martin J. Ball and Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics: a celebration.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2011
Same author

Retraction.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2010
Same author

Triangulating speech sound generalization.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2010
Same author

Selected papers from the meetings of the International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association. Editorial.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2009
Same journal

Analysis of an acoustic event in European Portuguese stop-rhotic clusters and implications for phonological acquisition.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2026
Same journal

The role of right hemisphere in second language processing: Insights from a case study.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2026
Same journal

Audiovisual speech perception in Brazilian Portuguese-speaking children with and without Speech Sound Disorder (SSD).

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2026
Same journal

Maximising student engagement in learning clinical phonetics and phonology using creative approaches.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2026
Same journal

Application of team-based learning to support knowledge acquisition and retention of craniofacial content in a graduate speech-language pathology course: A pilot study.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2026
Same journal

Effects of language sampling context on complex syntax production of deaf and hard of hearing children.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors
08:32

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

Published on: January 3, 2017

Tracking speech sound acquisition.

Thomas W Powell1

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103-4601, USA. tpowel@lsuhsc.edu

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics
|October 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel procedure for assessing child speech development, utilizing a railway idiom to monitor speech sound complexity. This evidence-based approach aids in managing developmental speech sound disorders.

More Related Videos

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors
08:32

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

Published on: January 3, 2017

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Developmental speech sound disorders impact children's communication.
  • Accurate clinical appraisal is crucial for effective intervention.
  • Existing methods may not fully capture phonological complexity gains.

Observation:

  • A procedure is described for the clinical appraisal of child speech.
  • The approach is grounded in established phonological research.
  • A 'railway idiom' is employed to track speech sound production complexity.

Findings:

  • The procedure offers a method to quantify improvements in speech sound production.
  • It allows for tracking gains in phonological complexity over time.
  • A case study demonstrates the practical application of this procedure.

Implications:

  • Facilitates the application of evidence-based practices in speech therapy.
  • Aids clinicians in objectively monitoring progress in developmental speech sound disorders.
  • Enhances the clinical management of children with phonological challenges.