Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Lobes of the Cerebrum01:22

Lobes of the Cerebrum

The cerebral cortex, a critical structure of the brain, is intricately divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four distinct lobes: occipital, temporal, frontal, and parietal. These lobes function cooperatively to regulate various cognitive and sensory functions, forming the basis of our complex neural capabilities.
Frontal lobe
The frontal lobes, located behind the forehead, are the command center of our brain, controlling personality, intelligence, and voluntary muscle movements.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Changing the narrative: stories reduce biases against anomalous faces.

BMC psychology·2026
Same author

Going Beyond Beauty: Characterizing the Complexity of Aesthetic Experiences.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2026
Same author

Who Do We Remember? Facial Anomalies, Race, and Sex in Social Categorization.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Testing the art as adaptation hypothesis through artistic practice and reproductive success in Papua woodcarvers.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

A comparison of art engagement in museums and through digital media.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

The curious case of Cortex covers.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2025
Same journal

Segmentation of the parasagittal dura mater on multi-center 3D-FLAIR MRI.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Spatial frequency channels implement a mental ruler in spatial vision.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Exploring the Link Between Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Measured Brain Diffusivity During Wakefulness and Sleep Macrostructure in the Elderly.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Closed-loop adaptation of transcranial magnetic stimulation intensity with electroencephalography feedback.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Volumetric postmortem MRI of the medial temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: methodological advances and implications for in vivo biomarker development.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Neural responses to equity and inequity when receiving vicarious rewards for self and charity during adolescence.

NeuroImage·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
05:55

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

A bilateral frontoparietal network underlies visuospatial analogical reasoning.

Christine E Watson1, Anjan Chatterjee

  • 1Department of Neurology and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 3 West Gates Building, 3400 Spruce St., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. watsonc@mail.med.upenn.edu

Neuroimage
|October 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Analogical reasoning, crucial for problem-solving, involves the anterior prefrontal cortex (specifically, rostrolateral prefrontal cortex) and other frontoparietal areas. This brain network integrates relational knowledge, aiding complex cognitive tasks.

More Related Videos

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
09:01

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

Published on: May 7, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
05:55

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
09:01

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

Published on: May 7, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Brain Function

Background:

  • Analogical reasoning is fundamental for problem-solving and efficient communication.
  • The rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (RLPFC) is hypothesized to integrate relational information, crucial for analogy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural correlates of analogical reasoning.
  • To determine the specific contribution of the rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (RLPFC) to analogical reasoning.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
  • Visuospatial analogical reasoning was compared to a complex control task.
  • The control task required subgoal coordination but not relational integration.

Main Results:

  • Analogical reasoning showed stronger activation in bilateral RLPFC, indicating preferential recruitment for relational knowledge integration.
  • Increased activity was observed in bilateral inferior frontal gyri, particularly the right hemisphere, consistent with inhibition demands.
  • Greater activity in bilateral inferior parietal cortex supports its role in spatial relation knowledge.

Conclusions:

  • A network of frontoparietal areas underpins analogical reasoning.
  • Hemispheric differences in brain activation may depend on the nature (visuospatial vs. verbal/semantic) of the analogies.