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Drug-induced uveitis in aids patients: two case reports.
M Bazewicz1, J Fikri, C H Martin
1Dept of Ophthalmology CHU Saint-Pierre and Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium. m-bazewic@ulb.ac.be
Bulletin De La Societe Belge D'Ophtalmologie
|October 19, 2011
Summary
Drug-induced uveitis, a severe condition in AIDS patients, can be caused by medications like rifabutin and cidofovir. Prompt recognition and discontinuation of these drugs are crucial for effective treatment and patient recovery.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients are susceptible to severe uveitis.
- While infectious and autoimmune causes are common, drug-induced uveitis is a significant etiology.
- This report focuses on two cases of drug-induced uveitis linked to specific medications used in AIDS management.
Observation:
- Case 1: A 33-year-old female with AIDS presented with acute painful red eye, anterior segment inflammation, and vitritis while on rifabutin.
- Case 2: A 36-year-old female with AIDS and CMV retinitis developed painful vision decrease after cidofovir treatment, showing anterior segment inflammation and low intraocular pressure.
Findings:
- Rifabutin cessation led to rapid resolution of uveitis symptoms in the first patient.
- Discontinuation of cidofovir and initiation of topical steroids and mydriatics improved inflammation and normalized intraocular pressure in the second patient.
- Both cases demonstrate distinct clinical presentations characteristic of rifabutin and cidofovir-induced uveitis.
Implications:
- Rifabutin and cidofovir are identified as causative agents of drug-induced uveitis in AIDS patients.
- Early recognition of these drug-induced uveitis presentations is vital for appropriate management.
- Timely diagnosis can prevent unnecessary and potentially invasive interventions in immunocompromised individuals.
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