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Influenza Virus Propagation in Embryonated Chicken Eggs
Published on: March 19, 2015
Nephritis associated with infectious bronchitis virus Cal99 variant in game chickens
1California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Fresno Branch, University of California, Davis, 2789 S. Orange Avenue, Fresno, CA 93725, USA.
Avian Diseases
|October 25, 2011
Summary
A novel Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) Cal99 variant caused nephritis and respiratory disease in game chickens. This IBV variant primarily affected the kidneys and respiratory system, highlighting a significant poultry health concern.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Poultry Pathology
- Avian Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Cal99 variant is typically linked to respiratory issues in California broiler chickens.
- Game chickens presented with nephritis and respiratory illness, prompting an investigation into the causative agent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize the Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) strain responsible for nephritis and respiratory disease in game chickens.
- To determine the pathological effects and tissue tropism of the isolated IBV variant.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and identification of IBV from affected game chickens.
- Macroscopic and microscopic pathological examination of affected organs.
- Immunohistochemistry to detect IBV antigen distribution.
- S1 gene sequencing for viral characterization and comparison.
Main Results:
- IBV Cal99 variant was isolated from game chickens exhibiting nephritis and respiratory signs.
- Pathological findings included severe kidney damage (nephritis, enlarged pale kidneys) and widespread respiratory lesions.
- IBV antigen was detected in multiple organs, including kidneys, respiratory tract, and lymphoid tissues.
- The isolated virus showed 98% homology to the Cal99 serotype of IBV.
Conclusions:
- The IBV Cal99 variant can cause severe nephritis and respiratory disease in game chickens, extending beyond its usual association with broiler respiratory disease.
- The findings underscore the importance of monitoring IBV strains and their evolving pathogenicity in different poultry populations.
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