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Ice hockey injuries. A review
P J Daly1, F H Sim, W T Simonet
1Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|August 1, 1990
Summary
Ice hockey injuries stem from trauma and overuse, with protective gear and rule changes reducing facial injuries. Cervical spine injuries are increasing, while upper and lower extremity injuries remain common.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Orthopedics
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Ice hockey is a high-impact sport with a significant risk of injury.
- Injuries result from direct trauma (80%) and overuse (20%), influenced by game intensity and player actions.
- Injury incidence varies with age and game participation time, with most occurring during games.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the types and causes of injuries in ice hockey.
- To identify trends in injury patterns, such as the decrease in facial injuries and increase in cervical spine injuries.
- To evaluate the impact of scientific advancements on injury prevention in ice hockey.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on ice hockey-related injuries.
- Analysis of injury mechanisms including puck velocity, stick use, and collisions.
- Examination of epidemiological data on injury types and locations.
Main Results:
- Facial injuries are decreasing due to improved protective equipment (helmets and masks).
- Cervical spine injuries are being reported with increasing frequency.
- Common injuries include acromioclavicular joint dislocations, scaphoid fractures, hip adductor strains, knee ligament tears, and thigh contusions.
Conclusions:
- Scientific research has led to reduced injury rates through better protective equipment, stricter rules, and enhanced training.
- Ongoing vigilance is needed to address emerging injury patterns like cervical spine trauma.
- A multi-faceted approach combining equipment, rules, and conditioning is effective in mitigating ice hockey injuries.