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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.

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Updated: May 27, 2026

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics

Published on: April 24, 2014

Dual-wavelength laser source for onboard atom interferometry.

V Ménoret¹, R Geiger, G Stern

¹Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique, CNRS and Université Paris Sud 11, 2 Avenue Fresnel, 91127 Palaiseau, France. vincent.menoret@institutoptique.fr

|November 4, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a compact, stable dual-wavelength laser for atom interferometry using telecom lasers and optical frequency combs. This robust system enables dual-species atom trapping in microgravity.

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Area of Science:

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Quantum Technologies
Laser Science

Background:

Atom interferometry requires stable, precise laser sources.
Onboard applications demand compact, vibration-immune systems.
Dual-species experiments necessitate multiple, controllable laser wavelengths.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a compact and stable dual-wavelength laser source for onboard atom interferometry.
To leverage mature fiber telecom technology for enhanced system stability and robustness.
To demonstrate the system's capability for dual-species cold atom experiments.

Main Methods:

Utilizing frequency-doubled telecom lasers locked to a femtosecond optical frequency comb.
Integrating fiber-based components to minimize free-space optics and enhance stability.
Implementing a system immune to vibrations and thermal fluctuations.

Main Results:

A compact and stable dual-wavelength laser source was successfully developed.
The laser source demonstrated the frequency agility and phase stability needed for atom interferometry.
The first dual-species (Potassium-Rubidium) magneto-optical trap in microgravity was achieved during parabolic flights.

Conclusions:

The developed laser source is suitable for onboard atom interferometry and other cold atom experiments.
The use of telecom technology significantly improves system robustness against environmental disturbances.
The system's performance was validated through successful dual-species microgravity experiments.