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Ricin trafficking in plant and mammalian cells.

J Michael Lord1, Robert A Spooner

  • 1School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. r.a.spooner@warwick.ac.uk

Toxins
|November 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Ricin, a toxic plant protein from castor beans, and its related lectin RCA, are stored in vacuoles. This review examines their movement within plant cells and their trafficking into mammalian cells.

Keywords:
ricin biosynthesisanterograde transportendoplasmic reticulumretrograde transportretrotranslocation

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Ricin is a potent toxin found in Ricinus communis seeds.
  • Ricin and Ricinus communis agglutinin l (RCA) are lectins involved in cellular toxicity.
  • These proteins are stored in plant seed vacuoles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intracellular trafficking of ricin and RCA within plant cells.
  • To examine the trafficking pathways of ricin and RCA upon entry into mammalian cells.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of ricin and RCA transport.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ricin and RCA.
  • Analysis of protein trafficking mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of data on cellular transport pathways.

Main Results:

  • Ricin and RCA are synthesized and stored in vacuoles of Ricinus communis seeds.
  • Both proteins undergo hydrolysis during early germination.
  • Their trafficking routes involve movement from synthesis sites to storage vacuoles and from extracellular space into target cells.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the trafficking of ricin and RCA is crucial for comprehending their toxicity.
  • The review highlights the dual trafficking routes of these proteins in both plant and animal systems.
  • Further research into these pathways may offer insights into therapeutic strategies.