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Updated: May 27, 2026
Clinical Application of Single-Surgeon, Three-Port, Laparoscopic Resection for Colorectal Cancer with Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction
Published on: March 24, 2023
Natural orifice vaginal sacrocolpopexy (NOVaS): a cadaver feasibility study
Karen L Noblett1, Miles Murphy, Nathan Guerette
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA. knoblett@uci.edu
Introduction And Hypothesis:
The primary objective was to determine the feasibility of a vaginal approach to sacrocolpopexy using a cadaver model. Secondary objectives were to measure the distance from the vaginal introitus to the sacrum and distances of the sacral fixation elements to other vital structures.
Methods:
Fourteen fresh-frozen cadavers were used. Specialized instruments were developed to optimize visualization and facilitate performance of the procedure.
Results:
Five cadavers had a transperineal approach (an approach found unfeasible), and eight of the remaining nine had complete or partial completion of the transvaginal approach. The mean distance from the introitus to the promontory was 14.6 cm (12-16.5 cm). The mean distance from the sacral fixation elements to the aorta was 5.2 cm; common iliac artery, 3.5 cm; internal iliac artery, 3.25 cm; middle sacral artery, 1.75 cm, and ureters, 3.5 cm. The position of the sacral fixation elements was consistently at the level of S1-2.
Conclusion:
Vaginal sacrocolpopexy is feasible in a cadaver model.
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