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Updated: May 27, 2026

Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy
Published on: December 9, 2013
Photon efficient double-helix PSF microscopy with application to 3D photo-activation localization imaging
Ginni Grover1, Sean Quirin, Callie Fiedler
1Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Abstract:
We present a double-helix point spread function (DH-PSF) based three-dimensional (3D) microscope with efficient photon collection using a phase mask fabricated by gray-level lithography. The system using the phase mask more than doubles the efficiency of current liquid crystal spatial light modulator implementations. We demonstrate the phase mask DH-PSF microscope for 3D photo-activation localization microscopy (PM-DH-PALM) over an extended axial range.

