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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
07:49

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Published on: October 14, 2014

Anaphylaxis: recognition and management.

James J Arnold1, Pamela M Williams

  • 1David Grant Medical Center Family Medicine Residency Program, Travis Air Force Base, CA, USA. james.arnold.3@us.af.mil

American Family Physician
|November 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be fatal. Prompt epinephrine administration is crucial for managing anaphylaxis, alongside patient education on autoinjector use.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

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Published on: October 14, 2014

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Published on: September 14, 2018

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08:47

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Published on: March 3, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening systemic allergic reaction.
  • It is often unpredictable and can lead to airway obstruction or vascular collapse.
  • Common triggers include foods, insect stings, and medications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the understanding of anaphylaxis, including its mechanisms, diagnosis, and management.
  • To highlight the importance of prompt treatment and patient education.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on anaphylaxis.
  • Analysis of common symptoms, triggers, and diagnostic challenges.
  • Emphasis on established management protocols.

Main Results:

  • Dermatologic and respiratory symptoms are most frequent in anaphylaxis (90% and 70% respectively).
  • Diagnosis is typically clinical, based on symptom onset after antigen exposure.
  • Confirmatory lab tests have limitations due to timing requirements.

Conclusions:

  • Intramuscular epinephrine is the essential first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.
  • Antihistamines and corticosteroids can serve as adjunctive therapies.
  • Educating at-risk patients on epinephrine autoinjector use is vital for recurrent anaphylaxis prevention.