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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Low temperature cluster glass behavior in Nd5Ge3.

Bibekananda Maji¹, K G Suresh, A K Nigam

¹Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal

|November 29, 2011

Summary

Neodymium germanate (Nd(5)Ge(3)) exhibits a spin glass transition from an antiferromagnetic state. This reentrant spin glass behavior is driven by geometric frustration in the neodymium atom arrangement.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Magnetism

Background:

Neodymium germanate (Nd(5)Ge(3)) is a material exhibiting complex magnetic properties.
Understanding magnetic transitions and frustration mechanisms is crucial for developing advanced magnetic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the magnetic phase transitions in Nd(5)Ge(3).
To identify the underlying mechanisms causing spin glass and cluster glass states.
To explore the role of frustration in the material's magnetic behavior.

Main Methods:

Direct current (dc) and alternating current (ac) magnetization measurements were employed.
Analysis of magnetic susceptibility and magnetic relaxation dynamics.

Main Results:

Nd(5)Ge(3) transitions to a spin glass state from a high-temperature antiferromagnetic state.
Below the Néel temperature (49 K), a cluster glass state is observed, characteristic of a reentrant spin glass system.
Evidence of frustration is demonstrated through dynamical magnetic susceptibility and relaxation measurements.

Conclusions:

Geometric frustration, stemming from the triangular arrangement of Nd atoms, is the primary cause of the spin glass state.
Field-induced structural distortion near the Néel transition may also contribute to frustration and the observed spin glass behavior.