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Early changes in apparent diffusion coefficient from diffusion-weighted MR imaging during radiotherapy for prostate

Sung Yoon Park¹, Chan Kyo Kim, Byung Kwan Park

¹Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics

|December 14, 2011

Summary

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) shows early, reproducible changes in prostate cancer (PC) patients undergoing radiotherapy. This technique can assess treatment response effectively.

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Area of Science:

Radiology
Oncology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Prostate cancer (PC) treatment response assessment is crucial.
Radiotherapy is a common treatment modality for PC.
Early indicators of therapeutic change are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) as an early and reproducible biomarker for treatment response in prostate cancer (PC) patients receiving radiotherapy.
To assess the feasibility of using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements from DWI.

Main Methods:

Serial DWI scans (3T) were performed on eight PC patients before, during, and after external-beam radiotherapy.
Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured in tumors and normal tissues at multiple time points.
Reproducibility was assessed with repeat DWI scans, and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were monitored.

Main Results:

Tumor ADC values significantly increased from baseline throughout radiotherapy (p < 0.005).
Benign tissue ADC values showed a slight decrease during and after treatment.
DWI measurements demonstrated good reproducibility, with minimal differences between repeat scans.

Conclusions:

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) is a feasible and reproducible imaging technique for monitoring early therapeutic changes in prostate cancer (PC) patients during radiotherapy.
ADC measurements derived from DWI can serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing treatment response.