Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Storage01:23

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of information more...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Canonical and retinal size in visual working memory.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2026
Same author

When does what matter to where? Identity-location integration in spatial context learning.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same author

How Multi-Tasking Ability Impacts Performance, Workload, Situation Awareness, Stress and Trust with Simulated Imperfect Automation.

Human factors·2026
Same author

The big five model of teamwork and human autonomy teams: a scoping review.

Applied ergonomics·2026
Same author

The benefits of automation transparency are dependent on human attention control capacity.

Applied ergonomics·2025
Same author

Aligning visual imagery to the operator improves geospatial situation awareness in a single-display 360-degree periscope concept.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2025
Same journal

System-Wide Trust (SWT) Versus Component-Specific Trust (CST) in Multi-Agent Human-Agent Teams: Individual Variability in Trust Bias.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

Driver Adaptation to Partially Automated Driving in Urban Environments: Effects of Repeated Exposure and System Capabilities on Drivers' Trust, Monitoring, and Response.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

Modeling Human Expertise in a Sanding Task.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

Towards Safe and Comfortable Vehicle Control Transitions: A Systematic Review of Takeover Time, Time Budget, and Takeover Outcomes.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

What's in a Name? Implications of AI Roles and Mind Perception for Human-AI Teams.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

Safety Climate and Safety Behavior and Outcomes: A Comprehensive Systematic Review in Healthcare From the Perspective of Staff and Patients.

Human factors·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise
06:17

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise

Published on: January 26, 2024

Using spatial context to support prospective memory in simulated air traffic control.

Shayne Loft1, Dannielle Finnerty, Roger W Remington

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. shayne.loft@uwa.edu.au

Human Factors
|January 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Providing spatial context in air traffic control simulations reduced prospective memory errors and response costs. This suggests controllers can better manage tasks by focusing attention on relevant display regions.

More Related Videos

The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise
06:17

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise

Published on: January 26, 2024

The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Human factors engineering
  • Air traffic control simulation

Background:

  • Prospective memory is crucial for remembering future actions, with failures posing risks in air traffic control.
  • Air traffic control tasks involve managing aircraft acceptance, hand-offs, and conflict detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if spatial context reduces prospective memory errors and task costs in air traffic control simulations.
  • To determine if providing spatial cues enhances prospective memory performance.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed an air traffic control simulation with a prospective memory task (pressing an alternative key for target aircraft).
  • Three conditions were tested: spatial context (instruction limited to one display region), standard (no spatial information), and control (no prospective memory task).
  • The spatial context group was informed the prospective memory task applied only to aircraft in a specific display region.

Main Results:

  • The spatial context group exhibited fewer prospective memory errors than the standard group.
  • Faster aircraft acceptance decisions were observed for irrelevant regions in the context condition.
  • Response costs to hand-off decisions were reduced in the spatial context condition.
  • Spatial context did not improve conflict detection performance.

Conclusions:

  • Participants can strategically allocate attentional resources to prospective memory tasks within relevant spatial regions.
  • Findings suggest that incorporating spatial regularities in air traffic control can improve controller performance and safety.