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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Updated: May 25, 2026

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping
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Published on: June 3, 2015

Efficient clocked electron transfer on superfluid helium.

F R Bradbury1, Maika Takita, T M Gurrieri

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|January 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved highly efficient electron transport in superfluid helium channels using silicon technology, enabling reliable data transfer for quantum computing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum computing
  • Surface science
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Efficient transport of electrons is crucial for quantum information processing.
  • Superfluid helium offers a unique environment for delicate quantum states.
  • Previous methods lacked the scalability and reliability for large-scale applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate unprecedented electron transport efficiency in superfluid helium.
  • To leverage silicon processing for creating advanced charge-coupled devices for electron transport.
  • To explore the potential for hybrid qubit systems using electron spin qubits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized silicon processing technology to fabricate micron-scale superfluid helium-filled channels.
  • Developed a charge-coupled device-like architecture for electron transport.
  • Tested transport efficiency with packets of up to 20 electrons, down to singly occupied pixels, over a billion cycles.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated unprecedented transport efficiency for electrons on the surface of superfluid helium.
  • Achieved undetectably rare transfer failures due to strong fringing fields after extensive cycling.
  • Simultaneously measured transport in 120 channels, showing high fidelity for single electrons.

Conclusions:

  • The developed technology enables highly efficient and scalable electron transport in superfluid helium.
  • This breakthrough paves the way for large-scale transport of computational qubits and electron spin qubits.
  • The findings support the development of hybrid qubit systems for advanced quantum communication and computation.