Extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors: their function in the CNS and implications for disease
Stephen G Brickley1, Istvan Mody
1Division of Cell & Molecular Biology, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK. s.brickley@imperial.ac.uk
Neuron
|January 17, 2012
Summary
Extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) regulate brain activity and consciousness. Targeting these receptors may treat neurological disorders and improve cognitive function.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) detect ambient GABA, mediating tonic inhibition.
- This tonic inhibition influences neuronal excitability and states of consciousness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the role of extrasynaptic GABA(A)Rs in regulating neuronal excitability and consciousness.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting extrasynaptic GABA(A)Rs for neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing research on extrasynaptic GABA(A)R function and pharmacology.
- Analysis of the involvement of tonic GABAergic conductance in various neurological conditions.
Main Results:
- Extrasynaptic GABA(A)Rs are key targets for anesthetics, alcohol, and neurosteroids.
- Altered tonic GABAergic conductance is implicated in mood disorders, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease.
Conclusions:
- Extrasynaptic GABA(A)Rs are crucial for regulating brain function and consciousness.
- Targeting extrasynaptic GABA(A)Rs offers potential therapeutic strategies for neurological and psychiatric conditions.
- Enhancing tonic inhibition may improve cognition and aid recovery from stroke.
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