Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri-implantitis

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Periodontology
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Peri-implantitis, an inflammatory condition, can lead to oral implant failure.
• Bacterial plaque accumulation is a primary cause of peri-implantitis.
• Effective treatment strategies for peri-implantitis remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify the most effective interventions for treating peri-implantitis.
• To evaluate treatments for peri-implantitis around osseointegrated dental implants.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature search of multiple databases (Cochrane, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE) and handsearching.
• Inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing interventions for peri-implantitis.
• Duplicate and independent assessment of study quality and data extraction.

Main Results:

• Nine RCTs were included, comparing various non-surgical and surgical interventions.
• No study was found to be at low risk of bias.
• Limited evidence suggested potential benefits from local antibiotics and specific bone grafting materials in severe cases, but results were from small, biased trials.

Conclusions:

• Reliable evidence to guide peri-implantitis treatment is currently lacking.
• Small trials indicated possible benefits of local antibiotics and Bio-Oss with barriers, but require further validation.
• Larger, well-designed RCTs with longer follow-up are necessary to establish effective peri-implantitis treatments.