Interventions for smoking cessation in Indigenous populations.
Kristin V Carson1, Malcolm P Brinn, Matthew Peters
1Clinical Practice Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia. kristin.carson@health.sa.gov.au.
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 20, 2012
Summary
Smoking cessation interventions show promise for Indigenous populations, despite limited evidence. More rigorous trials are needed to address significant health disparities related to tobacco use and improve smoking abstinence rates.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Indigenous Health
- Smoking Cessation Research
Background:
- Indigenous populations experience disproportionately high rates of tobacco use compared to non-Indigenous populations.
- This disparity results in a greater burden of substance-related illness and death.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions specifically for Indigenous populations.
- To synthesize findings for future cessation programs and research.
Main Methods:
- Searched Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register and MEDLINE for randomized and non-randomized controlled trials.
- Included interventions such as pharmacotherapies, behavioral therapies, and combination approaches.
- Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by multiple reviewers, with Indigenous Australian input.
Main Results:
- Four studies met eligibility criteria, utilizing combination therapies or cognitive-behavioral therapy.
- Pooled data indicated a statistically and clinically significant effect favoring interventions (RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.03-1.98).
- Sensitivity analysis showed a non-significant but clinically significant effect (RR 1.33, 95% CI 0.95-1.85).
Conclusions:
- A significant health disparity exists, with Indigenous populations bearing a disproportionate burden of smoking-related harm.
- The evidence base for smoking cessation interventions in Indigenous populations is limited, hindering definitive conclusions.
- While some evidence suggests interventions can promote abstinence, more high-quality trials are essential to reduce tobacco-related health disparities.
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