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Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...

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Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans

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Anatomic landmarks for Basal joint injections.

Ron Hazani¹, Nitin J Engineer, Josh Elston

¹University of Louisville School of Medicine, Division of Plastic surgery, Louisville, KY.

|January 26, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate basal joint injections for arthritis relief are guided by bony landmarks. Identifying the radial styloid and metacarpophalangeal joint aids precise needle placement, avoiding injury to nerves and arteries.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Anatomy
Radiology

Background:

Basal joint arthritis is a prevalent cause of pain and disability, especially in elderly women.
Corticosteroid injections offer effective relief for mild basal joint arthritis.
Precise anatomical localization is crucial for effective treatment and avoiding complications.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify bony anatomical landmarks for basal joint injections.
To guide clinicians in avoiding inadvertent injury to structures on the radial side of the wrist.

Main Methods:

Dissection of twenty fresh cadaveric wrists using loupe magnification.
Identification of the basal joint using the distal radial styloid and the dorsal thumb metacarpophalangeal joint.
Measurement of distances to the basal joint space and documentation of radial artery and superficial radial nerve positions.

Main Results:

The basal joint is located approximately 2.4 cm distal to the radial styloid and 4.5 cm proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joint.
The radial artery is situated 0.76 cm dorsal to the extensor pollicis brevis tendon at the basal joint level.
The superficial radial nerve's first branch is typically volar to or courses over the abductor pollicis longus tendon.

Conclusions:

The basal joint can be reliably located using the radial styloid and metacarpophalangeal joint.
Needle insertion dorsal to the extensor pollicis brevis tendon, with thumb traction, minimizes risks to the radial artery and superficial radial nerve.