Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, resistance, or both. Prolonged hyperglycemia disrupts metabolic homeostasis and leads to acute and chronic complications.Acute ComplicationsAcute complications result from sudden metabolic imbalance.Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) mainly appears in type 1 diabetes but may also develop in type 2 diabetes, particularly under extreme stress. It arises from severe insulin deficiency,...

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State, or HHS, is a serious and life-threatening complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is characterized by three main features: severe hyperglycemia, profound dehydration, and elevated serum osmolality, all occurring without significant ketoacidosis.HHS typically develops in older adults or individuals with limited access to fluids. This may result from illness, cognitive impairment, or medications such as diuretics or corticosteroids. These factors reduce...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Approaches in Managing Resistant Hypertension: A Review.

Cureus·2024

Same author

"BROAD Effect: Bradycardia in Obstructive Airway Disease"An Unusual Phenomenon: A Case Report.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2018

Same author

Intra-aortic balloon pump: indications, efficacy, guidelines and future directions.

Current opinion in cardiology·2014

Same author

An Audit of Management of Patients on Oral Anticoagulant Therapy With International Normalized Ratio (INR) Five or Above.

Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion·2014

Same author

A fish a day, keeps the cardiologist away! - A review of the effect of omega-3 fatty acids in the cardiovascular system.

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2013

Same author

Physiology and clinical significance of natriuretic hormones.

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2013

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Hyperglycemic Clamp and Hypoglycemic Clamp in Conscious Mice

Hyperglycemic Clamp and Hypoglycemic Clamp in Conscious Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

Does hypoglycemia cause cardiovascular events?

Sandeep Chopra¹, Aditya Kewal

¹Department of Cardiology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

|January 26, 2012

Summary

Hypoglycemia, a common side effect of diabetes medications, can trigger serious heart problems. This occurs due to autonomic nervous system activation, impacting blood flow and clotting.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Cardiology
Metabolic Disorders

Background:

Hypoglycemia is a frequent complication of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agent therapy.
Severe hypoglycemia poses risks for cardiovascular events, including myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanisms linking severe hypoglycemia to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
To understand the role of autonomic activation in these events.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on hypoglycemia and cardiovascular complications.
Analysis of physiological responses to severe hypoglycemia, focusing on autonomic nervous system activation.

Main Results:

Autonomic activation is a key mediator of cardiovascular events during hypoglycemia.

Keywords:

Cardiac arrhythmia hypoglycemia myocardial ischemia

More Related Videos

A Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Acute Hyperglycemia Combined with Transient Focal Ischemia

A Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Acute Hyperglycemia Combined with Transient Focal Ischemia

Published on: November 15, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Hyperglycemic Clamp and Hypoglycemic Clamp in Conscious Mice

Hyperglycemic Clamp and Hypoglycemic Clamp in Conscious Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

A Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Acute Hyperglycemia Combined with Transient Focal Ischemia

A Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Acute Hyperglycemia Combined with Transient Focal Ischemia

Published on: November 15, 2024

Hemodynamic changes, vasoconstriction, and increased blood coagulability/viscosity are consequences of this activation.

Conclusions:

Severe hypoglycemia can lead to significant cardiovascular morbidity.
Understanding the autonomic response is crucial for managing and preventing these adverse events in diabetic patients.