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Synthesis and Operation of Fluorescent-core Microcavities for Refractometric Sensing
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Material limitations on the detection limit in refractometry.

Peder Skafte-Pedersen1, Pedro S Nunes, Sanshui Xiao

  • 1Department of Micro and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Building 345 East, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; E-Mails: peder.skafte-pedersen@nanotech.dtu.dk (P.S.P.); pedro.nunes@nanotech.dtu.dk (P.S.N.).

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores the detection limits of refractometric sensors using high-quality (high-Q) optical cavities. We show that the ultimate classical detection limit is related to the material

Keywords:
optofluidicsphotonic crystalsrefractometryresonators

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Area of Science:

  • Optical sensing
  • Nanophotonics
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Refractometric sensors utilize changes in refractive index to detect analytes.
  • High-Q optical cavities offer enhanced sensitivity for such measurements.
  • Silicon-based resonators are promising for integrated photonic sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the fundamental detection limits of refractometric sensors based on high-Q optical cavities.
  • To investigate the influence of material properties and cavity parameters on sensor performance.
  • To evaluate the sensing capabilities of silicon photonic crystal resonators in bio-liquid environments.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of the classical detection limit for refractometric sensing.
  • Modeling of high-Q optical cavities, considering finite Q factors and filling fractions.
  • Simulation of silicon photonic crystal resonators operating in the near-infrared and visible spectrum.

Main Results:

  • The ultimate classical detection limit is fundamentally bounded by the imaginary part of the complex refractive index (η).
  • Sensor detection limits decrease with finite Q factors and optimized filling fractions.
  • For silicon resonators, the detection limit is largely independent of filling fraction in the infrared transparency window (λ ≳ 1100 nm).
  • In the visible spectrum, silicon absorption significantly impacts the detection limit, making it strongly dependent on the filling fraction.

Conclusions:

  • High-Q optical cavities provide a pathway to ultra-sensitive refractometric detection.
  • The choice of material and operating wavelength is critical for optimizing sensor performance.
  • Silicon photonic crystal resonators show potential for biosensing, with performance characteristics varying across different spectral regions.