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Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Evaluation of Coronary Flow Reserve After Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats
06:32

Evaluation of Coronary Flow Reserve After Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats

Published on: June 28, 2019

Coronary slow flow--prevalence and clinical correlations.

Beau M Hawkins1, Stavros Stavrakis, Talla A Rousan

  • 1Section of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.

Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society
|February 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is linked to male sex and obesity. Higher BMI and male gender independently predict CSFP, suggesting a need for further research into its clinical implications.

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Ultrasound Based Assessment of Coronary Artery Flow and Coronary Flow Reserve Using the Pressure Overload Model in Mice
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Ultrasound Based Assessment of Coronary Artery Flow and Coronary Flow Reserve Using the Pressure Overload Model in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2015

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Evaluation of Coronary Flow Reserve After Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats
06:32

Evaluation of Coronary Flow Reserve After Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats

Published on: June 28, 2019

Ultrasound Based Assessment of Coronary Artery Flow and Coronary Flow Reserve Using the Pressure Overload Model in Mice
06:39

Ultrasound Based Assessment of Coronary Artery Flow and Coronary Flow Reserve Using the Pressure Overload Model in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is characterized by delayed coronary opacification without obstructive coronary artery disease.
  • Understanding the prevalence and clinical characteristics of CSFP is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of CSFP in patients undergoing coronary angiography.
  • To identify the clinical features and independent predictors associated with CSFP.

Main Methods:

  • 1,741 patients undergoing coronary angiography were screened; 158 with normal ejection fraction and coronary arteries were included.
  • TIMI frame counts were calculated, and demographic, comorbidity, and medication data were collected.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified independent predictors of CSFP (frame count > 27).

Main Results:

  • CSFP was identified in 5.5% of patients (n=96).
  • CSFP patients exhibited higher obesity (BMI 33.9 vs. 29.8 kg/m²) and lower HDL levels (39.7 vs. 45.7 mg/dl).
  • Male sex (OR 3.36) and higher BMI (OR 1.09) independently predicted CSFP.

Conclusions:

  • CSFP is associated with male sex and obesity.
  • Multivessel involvement in CSFP may indicate more severe, diffuse coronary disease.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the implications of multivessel involvement in CSFP.