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Deliberative and spontaneous cognitive processes associated with HIV risk behavior.
Jerry L Grenard1, Susan L Ames, Alan W Stacy
1School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West Foothill Blvd., Suite 310, Claremont, CA, USA. jerry.grenard@cgu.edu
Journal of Behavioral Medicine
|February 15, 2012
Summary
Deliberative working memory capacity influences spontaneous cognition in men, affecting condom use. Higher capacity enhances the impact of safe sex associations on behavior, offering insights for HIV prevention interventions.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Behavioral Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Dual process models posit behavior is driven by spontaneous or deliberative systems.
- Understanding the interplay between these systems is crucial for predicting health behaviors.
- HIV-risk behaviors are complex and influenced by various cognitive processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if the deliberative cognitive system moderates spontaneous cognition's influence on HIV-risk behaviors.
- To examine the role of working memory capacity in shaping sexual behavior decisions.
- To identify factors influencing condom use and multiple partner behaviors.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 490 adult drug offenders.
- Assessed spontaneous sex-related associations using word association tasks.
- Measured deliberative working memory capacity via operation span tasks.
- Evaluated sexual behaviors including condom use and multiple partners.
Main Results:
- Interaction effects between spontaneous cognition and deliberative capacity were significant in men, but not women.
- Higher working memory capacity in men amplified the predictive power of spontaneous safe sex associations on condom use.
- Spontaneous associations' influence on condom use differed based on men's working memory capacity.
Conclusions:
- Working memory capacity plays a moderating role in how spontaneous cognitions influence HIV-risk behaviors in men.
- Findings suggest targeted interventions considering cognitive capacity may enhance safe sex practices.
- The study highlights the importance of dual process models in understanding and intervening in health behaviors.
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