Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Neural Control of Respiration01:18

Neural Control of Respiration

The neural regulation of respiration is a meticulously coordinated process primarily controlled by the respiratory centers located within the brainstem. These centers, composed of specialized neurons, transmit nerve impulses that control the contraction and relaxation of our respiratory muscles.
Respiratory Centers in the Brainstem
Two primary areas comprise the respiratory center: the medullary respiratory center in the medulla oblongata and the pontine respiratory group in the pons. The...
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned under...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Learning regularities in noise engages both neural predictive activity and representational changes.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

A non-verbal process dissociation procedure to disentangle explicit from implicit sequence learning.

Neuroscience of consciousness·2026
Same author

Statistical learning in childhood: Dimensions, developmental trajectory, and relation with cognitive control.

Child development·2026
Same author

ADHD-Like Traits Reshape the Balance Between Inhibitory Control and Predictive Processes.

Journal of attention disorders·2026
Same author

The biological roots of political division: mapping the neural architecture of ideology and social influence.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Tavapadon as Adjunctive Treatment for Parkinson Disease: The TEMPO-3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA neurology·2026
Same journal

Actigraphy Meets AI: A Digital Biomarker for Parkinson's Disease and Isolated REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder.

Journal of sleep research·2026
Same journal

Postmortem Evidence of CRH Neuron Reduction in Narcolepsy Without Cataplexy With Borderline Hypocretin-1 Levels.

Journal of sleep research·2026
Same journal

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Versus Mandibular Advancement Devices Impact on Cardio-Metabolic Outcomes in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Journal of sleep research·2026
Same journal

Strong and Weak Episodic Memories Are Shaped by Multiple Cycles of NREM Spindles and REM Alpha Bursts.

Journal of sleep research·2026
Same journal

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Biological Sex Differences in Sleep Spindles and Slow Wave Activity in Adults With and Without Insomnia.

Journal of sleep research·2026
Same journal

Thoracoabdominal Asynchrony in Healthy Children.

Journal of sleep research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Intact implicit probabilistic sequence learning in obstructive sleep apnea.

Dezso Nemeth1, Eszter Csábi, Karolina Janacsek

  • 1Institute of Psychology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. nemethd@gmail.com

Journal of Sleep Research
|February 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients retain implicit sequence learning abilities despite cognitive deficits. Working memory is impaired in OSA, but fundamental learning mechanisms remain intact.

More Related Videos

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder linked to cognitive impairments, particularly in memory and attention.
  • While attention-demanding functions are known to be affected, the impact of OSA on less attention-demanding implicit learning remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the integrity of implicit sequence learning in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea.
  • To determine if implicit learning is preserved or impaired in OSA patients compared to healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the listening span task to assess complex working memory capacity.
  • Employed the alternating serial reaction time (ASRT) task to differentiate general skill learning from sequence-specific learning.
  • Recruited 20 patients with OSA and 20 healthy controls for the study.

Main Results:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea patients demonstrated intact general skill and sequence-specific learning.
  • Working memory performance, as measured by the listening span task, was significantly impaired in the OSA group.
  • A clear dissociation was observed between preserved implicit learning and impaired working memory in OSA.

Conclusions:

  • Implicit sequence learning appears resilient to the effects of obstructive sleep apnea.
  • Cognitive impairments in OSA may selectively affect attention-demanding functions, sparing fundamental learning processes.
  • Disordered sleep in OSA may have a limited impact on neural structures supporting implicit sequence learning.