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Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
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Adaptive slit beam shaping for direct laser written waveguides.

P S Salter1, A Jesacher, J B Spring

  • 1Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. patrick.salter@eng.ox.ac.uk

Optics Letters
|February 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new femtosecond laser writing technique using a spatial light modulator (SLM) to precisely shape laser beams. This method allows for the fabrication of complex optical waveguides with low loss in fused silica.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Laser Technology

Background:

  • Femtosecond laser writing is a key technique for fabricating optical waveguides.
  • Existing methods have limitations in creating complex structures.
  • Real-time beam control is needed for advanced waveguide fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate an improved femtosecond laser writing method for optical waveguides.
  • To enable the fabrication of more complex waveguide structures.
  • To reduce fabrication complexity and improve precision.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) for adaptive beam shaping.
  • Employed a diffraction grating on the SLM to create slit illumination.

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  • Implemented real-time control of beam-shaping parameters during laser writing.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully fabricated optical waveguides in bulk fused silica.
    • Achieved low coupling loss to single-mode fibers (0.2–0.5 dB).
    • Demonstrated low propagation loss (<0.4 dB/cm).

    Conclusions:

    • The SLM-based adaptive beam shaping offers enhanced control over waveguide fabrication.
    • This technique facilitates the creation of intricate optical waveguide designs.
    • The method yields high-performance waveguides with minimal optical losses.