Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 24, 2026
12:02
Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
Published on: June 6, 2017
Emerging regulatory mechanisms in ubiquitin-dependent cell cycle control
Annamaria Mocciaro1, Michael Rape
1Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3202, USA.
Journal of Cell Science
|February 24, 2012
Summary
Protein ubiquitylation controls cell division via E3 enzymes like SCF and APC/C. Recent findings reveal new regulatory mechanisms and crosstalk, offering potential therapeutic strategies for cell cycle control.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Protein ubiquitylation is crucial for eukaryotic cell division.
- E3 enzymes, including SCF (Skp1-cullin1-F-box) and APC/C (anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome), regulate cell cycle transitions by degrading key proteins.
- The cell cycle machinery intricately controls these E3 enzymes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review emerging regulatory mechanisms of ubiquitin-dependent cell cycle control.
- To highlight new insights into the relationship between ubiquitylation and the cell division apparatus.
- To discuss the therapeutic potential of manipulating these regulatory pathways.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on ubiquitylation and cell division.
- Analysis of novel regulatory mechanisms, including atypical ubiquitin chains and enzyme crosstalk.
- Discussion of substrate and E3 enzyme regulation.
Main Results:
- Identification of atypical ubiquitin chains in cell cycle regulation.
- Discovery of new mechanisms for substrate and E3 enzyme regulation.
- Elucidation of extensive crosstalk between ubiquitylation enzymes.
Conclusions:
- Emerging regulatory mechanisms significantly impact ubiquitin-dependent cell cycle control.
- Understanding these intricate pathways is key to future therapeutic interventions.
- Manipulation of these systems may offer novel treatment strategies for cell cycle-related disorders.
Related Concept Videos
02:58Regulated Protein Degradation
It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
02:11The Cell Cycle Control System
The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
01:28The Cell Cycle Control System
The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and function at the cell...
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and function at the cell...
02:11The Cell Cycle Control System
The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
01:27Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division
Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
00:50Anaphase Promoting Complex
The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...