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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract
07:42

An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract

Published on: July 1, 2020

Does stress induce (para)sex? Implications for Candida albicans evolution.

Judith Berman1, Lilach Hadany

  • 1Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Trends in Genetics : TIG
|February 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stress may drive the evolution of sex in microorganisms. In Candida albicans, stress likely increases parasexual cycles, generating genetic diversity and aiding adaptation, explaining the significance and rarity of this process.

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Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
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Published on: March 19, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract
07:42

An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract

Published on: July 1, 2020

Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
08:48

Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis

Published on: March 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Microbiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Stress is theorized as a driver for the evolution of sexual reproduction in facultative sexual organisms.
  • Organisms that reproduce both sexually and asexually are expected to increase mating frequency under stress, facilitating adaptation.
  • The parasexual cycle in *Candida albicans* involves alternation between diploid and tetraploid cells, generating diversity but occurring rarely.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of stress in the parasexual cycle of *Candida albicans*.
  • To propose that stress facilitates parasex, analogous to its role in sexual reproduction.
  • To explain the evolutionary significance and observed rarity of parasex.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on stress and the parasexual cycle in *Candida albicans*.
  • Analysis of the four major steps within the parasexual cycle.
  • Theoretical modeling of stress-induced parasex.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests stress facilitates key steps in the *Candida albicans* parasexual cycle.
  • Parasexual reproduction is hypothesized to occur more frequently under stressful conditions.
  • This stress-induced parasex may explain the evolutionary importance and low natural occurrence of the process.

Conclusions:

  • Stress is proposed as a critical factor promoting parasexual cycles in *Candida albicans*.
  • Increased parasex under stress can generate significant genetic diversity, including aneuploidy.
  • The findings offer a potential explanation for both the adaptive value and the infrequent observation of parasex in nature.