Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stokes' Law01:20

Stokes' Law

Viscous forces, like friction, are intermolecular forces that resist the relative motion of molecules over each other. When a solid body moves through a liquid, viscous forces drag it in the opposite direction. The force's magnitude depends on the solid's shape and size, as well as its speed and the liquid's coefficient of viscosity, density and temperature.
The expression for the force on a solid spherical object in a fluid is called Stokes' law. Stokes' law is valid only for low Reynolds...
Divergence and Stokes' Theorems01:06

Divergence and Stokes' Theorems

The divergence and Stokes' theorems are a variation of Green's theorem in a higher dimension. They are also a generalization of the fundamental theorem of calculus. The divergence theorem and Stokes' theorem are in a way similar to each other; The divergence theorem relates to the dot product of a vector, while Stokes' theorem relates to the curl of a vector. Many applications in physics and engineering make use of the divergence and Stokes' theorems, enabling us to write numerous physical laws...
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of lycopene supplementation on oxidative balance, heat-shock proteins, and lipid profile in heat-stressed goat kids.

International journal of biometeorology·2026
Same author

Crosstalk between death-associated protein kinase 1-regulated mechanisms and dysfunctions in alzheimer's disease.

Molecular biology reports·2026
Same author

Chrysin Ameliorated Neurochemical and Behavioural Changes Mediated By Combined Exposure of Interleukin-17 A With Amyloid Beta<sub>1-42</sub> in Mice.

Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·2026
Same author

Image quality metric parameter for holographic modal wavefront sensing.

Optics letters·2026
Same author

Extraosseous Ewing sarcoma of the distal pancreas: diagnostic pitfalls and the critical role of molecular testing.

Journal of surgical case reports·2026
Same author

Low-coherence digital holographic microscope with a Fizeau interferometer.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Gaussian-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution over 60 km fiber using an integrated silicon photonic receiver.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

E2E-OCT: end-to-end joint learning model using optical coherence tomography images for vocal cord leukoplakia diagnosis.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Holographic generation of panoramic 3D scenes by concave ellipsoidal mirror reflection.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Dual-pilot phase recovery with pair-wise maximum-ratio combining for coherent PONs.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Mapping the whispering gallery modes of a CaF<sub>2</sub> disk resonator with half-tapered fibers to estimate the fundamental mode volume.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Quantitative estimation of deep-subwavelength scale via dark-field scattering axial energy concentration decay profiles.

Optics letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy (DIHM) of Weakly-scattering Subjects
10:16

Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy (DIHM) of Weakly-scattering Subjects

Published on: February 8, 2014

Stokes holography.

Rakesh Kumar Singh1, Dinesh N Naik, Hitoshi Itou

  • 1Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications 1-5-1, Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan. krakeshsingh@gmail.com

Optics Letters
|March 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel Stokes holography technique synthesizes generalized Stokes parameters in 3D space. This method uses polarization fringes for wavefront reconstruction from scattered light, enabling 3D object analysis.

More Related Videos

Uncovering Hidden Dynamics of Natural Photonic Structures Using Holographic Imaging
05:45

Uncovering Hidden Dynamics of Natural Photonic Structures Using Holographic Imaging

Published on: March 31, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy (DIHM) of Weakly-scattering Subjects
10:16

Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy (DIHM) of Weakly-scattering Subjects

Published on: February 8, 2014

Uncovering Hidden Dynamics of Natural Photonic Structures Using Holographic Imaging
05:45

Uncovering Hidden Dynamics of Natural Photonic Structures Using Holographic Imaging

Published on: March 31, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • 3D Imaging
  • Polarization Optics

Background:

  • Traditional holography reconstructs wave amplitude and phase.
  • Characterizing the full polarization state of light in 3D remains challenging.
  • Stokes parameters describe light polarization but are difficult to map in 3D.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and demonstrate Stokes holography for 3D generalized Stokes parameter synthesis.
  • To enable single-step recording and reconstruction of complete wavefront polarization.
  • To develop a method for 3D object reconstruction based on polarization information.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed Stokes holography technique utilizing Stokes fringes (polarization fringes).
  • Single-step recording by scattering a complex optical field.
  • Reconstruction via spatial averaging of the randomly scattered field.
  • Mathematical formulation and experimental validation.

Main Results:

  • Experimental demonstration of controlled synthesis of generalized Stokes parameters in 3D space.
  • Successful reconstruction of a 3D object's complete wavefront polarization.
  • Validation of the mathematical framework with experimental data.

Conclusions:

  • Stokes holography provides a powerful new tool for 3D polarization analysis.
  • The technique allows for efficient, single-step recording and reconstruction of polarization information.
  • This method opens avenues for advanced 3D imaging and material characterization.