[Comparison of bite marks and teeth features using 2D and 3D methods].

Area of Science:

• Forensic Science
• Odontology
• Material Science

Background:

• Bite marks are crucial forensic evidence found on various surfaces.
• Analyzing human bite marks on skin is challenging due to skin's elasticity and body surface variations.
• Bite marks can significantly aid in criminal investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess impression accuracy variations of bite marks on different materials.
• To evaluate the efficacy of the 3D method for individual identification using bite mark and dental cast comparisons.
• To determine if the 3D method can eliminate photographic distortion in bite mark analysis.

Main Methods:

• Experiments involved volunteers biting various materials to simulate crime scene scenarios.
• Dental impressions and casts were created from volunteers.
• Bite marks, dental casts, and wax impressions were scanned using 2D and 3D scanners and photographed for detailed comparison.

Main Results:

• Bite mark impression accuracy varied by material; cheese provided the most legible reproduction.
• The 3D method and 3D scans of dental casts demonstrated high accuracy in bite mark comparison.
• The 3D method effectively eliminated secondary photographic distortion.

Conclusions:

• Material type significantly impacts bite mark legibility.
• The 3D method is a highly accurate tool for identifying individuals through bite mark analysis.
• 3D scanning technology enhances the reliability of bite mark evidence by correcting for photographic distortions.