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About radioactivity in some PMMA bone cements.
1Orthopedic Department, University of the Saarland, Homburg, West Germany.
Acta Orthopaedica Belgica
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Radioactive elements in zirconium oxide (ZrO2) bone cements pose a health risk. Studies found radioactivity in common bone cements, recommending substitution with radiation-free alternatives like high-purity ZrO2 or barium sulfate.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Radiological Health
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Bone cements are widely used in orthopedic procedures.
- Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) is often incorporated as a radiopaque contrast agent.
- Concerns exist regarding the potential radioactivity of incorporated materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the radioactivity of bone cements containing zirconium oxide.
- To identify the source of radioactivity in these bone cements.
- To recommend safer alternatives for radiopaque bone cement additives.
Main Methods:
- Bone cement samples (PALACOS, IMPLAST, SULFIX-6) were analyzed.
- Radioactivity was measured using a gamma spectrometer.
- The composition of the zirconium oxide additive was investigated.
Main Results:
- All tested bone cements exhibited measurable radioactivity.
- The radioactivity was attributed to radioactive elements contaminating the added zirconium oxide.
- The extent of radioactivity varied among the tested samples.
Conclusions:
- The zirconium oxide used in bone cements can be a source of radioactivity.
- Long-term presence of radioactive materials in the body is a concern.
- Substituting radioactive zirconium oxide with high-purity, radiation-free zirconium oxide or barium sulfate is recommended.