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Updated: May 24, 2026

A Restriction Enzyme Based Cloning Method to Assess the In vitro Replication Capacity of HIV-1 Subtype C Gag-MJ4 Chimeric Viruses
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Efficient on-chip isolation of HIV subtypes.

ShuQi Wang1, Matin Esfahani, Umut A Gurkan

  • 1Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St., # 267, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Lab on a Chip
|March 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel microfluidic device for capturing diverse HIV subtypes, crucial for developing point-of-care diagnostics. This innovation aids in monitoring viral load and guiding treatment in resource-limited settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Virology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • HIV remains a global pandemic, necessitating accessible diagnostics for treatment initiation and monitoring.
  • Current point-of-care (POC) viral load diagnostics face challenges with diverse HIV subtypes, especially in resource-constrained settings.
  • Geographical distribution of HIV subtypes complicates the development of effective POC immunoassays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microfluidic device for efficient capture of various HIV subtypes.
  • To optimize antibody immobilization for enhanced detection sensitivity.
  • To enable the development of POC on-chip technologies for HIV viral load monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Demonstrated a microfluidic device utilizing anti-gp120 antibodies immobilized on the microchannel surface.

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  • Optimized antibody immobilization using fluorescent antibodies, quantum dot staining, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).
  • Evaluated capture efficiencies of HIV subtypes A, B, and C from culture supernatant and spiked whole blood using RT-qPCR.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved elevated antibody density and uniform orientation on the microchannel surface via Protein G-based chemistry.
    • Demonstrated high capture efficiencies for HIV subtypes A, B, and C from culture supernatant (73-88%) and whole blood (69-82%) across different viral loads.
    • Confirmed repeatable capture of HIV particles with high efficiencies, indicating device robustness.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed microfluidic immuno-sensing device effectively captures diverse HIV subtypes.
    • This technology supports the development of point-of-care on-chip diagnostics for viral load monitoring.
    • The device is a promising tool for guiding antiretroviral treatment (ART) in resource-constrained settings.