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High caloric intake, poor cognition and dementia: the Caerphilly Prospective Study
Samuel Thomas Creavin1, John Gallacher, Janet Pickering
1School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. samcreavin@nhs.net
European Journal of Epidemiology
|March 7, 2012
Summary
Mid-life caloric intake showed a modest association with later cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND) or dementia. However, this link appears to be influenced by social class, suggesting potential confounding factors.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Neuroscience
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Investigating the link between mid-life caloric intake and cognitive decline is crucial for understanding dementia risk factors.
- Previous research suggests a potential association, but confounding factors require careful consideration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test the hypothesis linking mid-life caloric intake to the incidence of dementia or cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND).
Main Methods:
- A prospective cohort study involving 2,512 men aged 45-59 in Caerphilly, UK, followed for over two decades.
- Participants' average daily caloric intake was assessed over three phases, with cognitive outcomes (CIND and dementia) evaluated at phase five.
- Statistical analyses, including age-adjusted odds ratios, were performed, with adjustments for nutritional factors, vascular disease, and social class.
Main Results:
- Higher caloric intake was associated with increased odds of vascular CIND or dementia (OR 1.62).
- Adjusting for lifestyle and health factors strengthened this association (OR 1.64).
- However, after accounting for social class, the association became modest and statistically non-significant (OR 1.48), suggesting residual confounding.
Conclusions:
- The association between mid-life caloric intake and later cognitive outcomes appears modest and potentially confounded by social class.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interplay between diet, socioeconomic factors, and cognitive health.
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