The evolution of improved and simplified superovulation protocols in cattle.

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Science
• Reproductive Biology
• Animal Science

Background:

• Superovulation protocols for bovine embryo transfer have evolved significantly with advancements in gonadotrophins and understanding of follicular dynamics.
• Current protocols often rely on oestradiol for follicular wave synchronization, which has limitations in global application.
• The need for alternative, effective superstimulation methods is critical for improving cattle breeding efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore alternative methods for controlling follicular wave emergence and ovulation in cattle.
• To investigate novel follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment strategies for superovulation.
• To reduce the complexity and improve the practicality of superovulation protocols in cattle.

Main Methods:

• Initiating follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) treatments at the emergence of a new follicular wave after gonadotrophin-releasing hormone-induced ovulation.
• Extending treatment protocols to induce superovulation in subordinate follicles, irrespective of follicular wave status.
• Developing simplified FSH administration schedules, including single or twice-daily treatments 48 hours apart.

Main Results:

• Alternative approaches show promise for controlling follicular wave emergence and ovulation.
• Extended treatment protocols can induce superovulation in subordinate follicles.
• Newer protocols reduce the frequency of FSH administration, minimizing animal handling and potential errors.

Conclusions:

• Advancements in superovulation protocols offer improved control over follicular dynamics and ovulation in cattle.
• Alternative treatments to oestradiol are being developed for broader applicability.
• Simplified FSH administration enhances the feasibility and efficiency of superovulation for embryo transfer programs.