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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Overview of Microscopy Techniques01:22

Overview of Microscopy Techniques

The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...
Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:29

Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

Two-dimensional (2D) microscopy encompasses a range of optical techniques that capture images within a single focal plane, offering detailed representations of microscopic structures. These techniques are essential in biological and medical research, enabling the visualization of cellular and subcellular structures with different levels of contrast and specificity.There are several major types of 2D microscopy, each with strengths and applications.Bright-Field MicroscopyBright-field microscopy...
Transmission Electron Microscopy01:15

Transmission Electron Microscopy

In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400 keV in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy
15:04

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 3, 2021

Ptychographic electron microscopy using high-angle dark-field scattering for sub-nanometre resolution imaging.

M J Humphry1, B Kraus, A C Hurst

  • 1Phase Focus Ltd, The Electric Works, Sheffield Digital Campus, Sheffield S1 2BJ, UK.

Nature Communications
|March 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Electron ptychography, a novel diffractive imaging technique, achieves fivefold higher resolution than conventional electron microscopy. This method recovers complex exit wave information at atomic resolution, paving the way for sub-atomic scale imaging.

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Correlative Super-resolution and Electron Microscopy to Resolve Protein Localization in Zebrafish Retina
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Correlative Super-resolution and Electron Microscopy to Resolve Protein Localization in Zebrafish Retina

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy
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Published on: July 3, 2021

Correlative Super-resolution and Electron Microscopy to Resolve Protein Localization in Zebrafish Retina
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Correlative Super-resolution and Electron Microscopy to Resolve Protein Localization in Zebrafish Retina

Published on: November 10, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Microscopy
  • Materials Science
  • Physics

Background:

  • Diffractive imaging offers potential for wavelength-scale resolution in transmission electron microscopy.
  • Existing methods face experimental limitations, restricting their practical application.
  • Achieving atomic resolution with low-energy electrons remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a diffractive imaging technique that overcomes experimental constraints.
  • To achieve atomic resolution imaging using low-energy electrons.
  • To recover the complex exit wave (modulus and phase) with high fidelity.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and implemented electron ptychography, a novel form of diffractive imaging.
  • Replaced traditional electron optics with inverse computation using scattered intensity data.
  • Utilized low-energy (30 keV) electrons for imaging.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a fivefold improvement in resolution compared to the lens used.
  • Demonstrated the recovery of the complex exit wave at atomic resolution.
  • Showcased imaging over an unlimited field of view.
  • Successfully applied the technique with low-energy electrons.

Conclusions:

  • Electron ptychography liberates image formation from electron optics constraints.
  • The method presents no fundamental experimental boundaries for future development.
  • This proof-of-principle has the potential to revolutionize sub-atomic scale transmission imaging.