Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Automated Microbial Diagnostics01:24

Automated Microbial Diagnostics

Automated diagnostic analyzers have transformed clinical microbiology by providing rapid and reliable methods for pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Among these systems, the Vitek 2 is widely used because it automates the traditionally labor-intensive processes of microbial identification (ID) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), delivering standardized and timely results that are essential for effective patient care.Microbial Identification with ID CardsThe...
Microbial Growth Measurement: Direct Methods01:23

Microbial Growth Measurement: Direct Methods

Direct methods for measuring microbial populations in a culture are essential tools in microbiology, providing quantitative data for various applications. Among these, microscopic counts, plate counts, and serial dilution are widely used techniques, each with unique principles and applications.Microscopic CountsMicroscopic counting involves the use of a Petroff-Hausser chamber, a specialized microscope slide with a grid and defined depth. By observing a liquid culture under a microscope,...
Microbial Growth Measurement: Indirect Methods01:27

Microbial Growth Measurement: Indirect Methods

Estimating microbial growth is essential for understanding population dynamics and environmental adaptations. Indirect methods provide valuable insights by measuring parameters such as turbidity, metabolic activity, and biomass, enabling efficient and reproducible assessments.During exponential growth, microbial cells scatter light proportionally to their biomass, a principle used in turbidity measurements. About one million cells per milliliter produce detectable scattering, which a...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correlation of CSF Biomarkers with Cognitive Screening Tests and PET Scan: A Tandem Approach.

Annals of clinical and laboratory science·2026
Same author

Rare anti-AnWj autoantibody in a 75-year-old male: Case report and review of the literature.

Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis·2026
Same author

Assessing bleeding risk by thromboelastography when automated platelet count fails due to giant platelets.

Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis·2026
Same author

Anaphylactic transfusion reaction to group B platelets related to alpha-gal syndrome: A case report.

Transfusion·2026
Same author

<i>Commentary Note:</i> Do We still Need Liquid Chromatography Combined with Mass Spectrometry for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tacrolimus?

Annals of clinical and laboratory science·2026
Same author

Establishing the laboratory error database: rationale, methodology, and a practical example.

Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes
08:23

Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes

Published on: March 2, 2020

Advances in antibiotic measurement.

Amitava Dasgupta1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas, Houston Medical School, Houston, USA. amitava.dasgupta@uth.tmc.edu

Advances in Clinical Chemistry
|March 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is crucial for certain antibiotics like aminoglycosides and vancomycin. While not routinely monitored, other antibiotics may benefit from TDM in patients with kidney issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Pharmacy
  • Drug Monitoring

Background:

  • Antibiotics are frequently prescribed, but only specific classes typically require therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).
  • Aminoglycosides and vancomycin are commonly monitored, alongside chloramphenicol and antituberculosis agents.
  • Penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamides, quinolones, and macrolides generally have wide therapeutic indices and do not need routine TDM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the necessity and application of therapeutic drug monitoring for various antibiotic classes.
  • To highlight antibiotics that require routine monitoring versus those that may benefit in specific patient populations.
  • To discuss the availability of diagnostic methods for antibiotic TDM.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices and guidelines for antibiotic TDM.

More Related Videos

A Novel Method to Determine the Longitudinal Antibacterial Activity of Drug-Eluting Materials
06:18

A Novel Method to Determine the Longitudinal Antibacterial Activity of Drug-Eluting Materials

Published on: March 3, 2023

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
11:17

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes
08:23

Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes

Published on: March 2, 2020

A Novel Method to Determine the Longitudinal Antibacterial Activity of Drug-Eluting Materials
06:18

A Novel Method to Determine the Longitudinal Antibacterial Activity of Drug-Eluting Materials

Published on: March 3, 2023

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
11:17

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

  • Analysis of pharmacokinetic properties influencing the need for TDM across different antibiotic classes.
  • Assessment of commercially available and in-house developed assays for antibiotic drug levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Routine TDM is essential for aminoglycosides and vancomycin.
    • Chloramphenicol and antituberculosis drugs may also necessitate TDM.
    • Antibiotics with wide therapeutic indices (penicillins, macrolides, etc.) generally do not require routine TDM, but monitoring may be useful in renal impairment.
    • Immunoassays are widely available for aminoglycosides and vancomycin.
    • Tests for other antibiotics are less common and often rely on in-house methods.

    Conclusions:

    • TDM is critical for specific antibiotics to ensure efficacy and minimize toxicity.
    • The need for TDM varies significantly based on the antibiotic class and patient's clinical status, particularly renal function.
    • Diagnostic test availability influences the practical application of TDM for less commonly monitored antibiotics.