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Updated: May 24, 2026

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

Genital prolapse in women.

Joseph Loze Onwude¹

¹Springfield Hospital, Chelmsford, United Kingdom.

BMJ Clinical Evidence

|March 15, 2012

Summary

This systematic review evaluates non-surgical and surgical treatments for pelvic organ prolapse. It found various interventions, including pelvic floor exercises and surgical repairs, with effectiveness and safety data presented.

Area of Science:

Urogynecology
Pelvic Floor Disorders
Surgical Innovation

Background:

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) results from diminished pelvic support, causing non-specific symptoms.
POP affects a significant proportion of women, particularly those aged 50-59, with risks increasing with parity, age, and prior hysterectomy.
While spontaneous regression can occur, understanding treatment efficacy is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the effects of non-surgical treatments for women with genital prolapse.
To evaluate the effects of surgical treatments for anterior, posterior, and upper vaginal wall prolapse.
To compare the outcomes of different surgical materials used in genital prolapse repair.

Main Methods:

A systematic review of medical literature was conducted, searching databases including Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Library up to August 2011.

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Inclusion criteria encompassed systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and observational studies addressing clinical questions on prolapse treatments.

Harms alerts from regulatory agencies like the FDA and MHRA were also incorporated.

Main Results:

Fifteen systematic reviews, RCTs, and observational studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.
A GRADE evaluation was performed to assess the quality of evidence for the included interventions.
The review synthesized data on a wide range of treatments for pelvic organ prolapse.

Conclusions:

The review presents information on the effectiveness and safety of numerous interventions for pelvic organ prolapse.
Interventions evaluated include both non-surgical options like pelvic floor muscle exercises and vaginal pessaries, and surgical procedures.
Surgical options range from traditional repairs like anterior colporrhaphy to mesh-augmented and laparoscopic approaches, as well as native tissue repairs.