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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Metabolism01:19

Regulation of Metabolism

Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
Introduction to Metabolism01:30

Introduction to Metabolism

Metabolism encompasses all biochemical reactions in a living organism, facilitating both the breakdown and synthesis of biomolecules. These metabolic processes are categorized into catabolic and anabolic pathways, which operate in a coordinated manner to ensure energy balance and cellular function.Catabolic Pathways and Energy ReleaseCatabolic pathways involve the breakdown of complex macromolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins into smaller structures like monosaccharides, fatty...
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Cellular respiration is a crucial metabolic process through which cells obtain energy from organic substances, mainly glucose, to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process includes the oxidation of substrates and the transfer of electrons to a separate electron acceptor, facilitating ATP synthesis through a sequence of biochemical reactions.Glycolysis: The Initial StepGlycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration, occurring in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic...
Overview of Metabolism01:40

Overview of Metabolism

Living cells constantly carry out various chemical reactions which are necessary for their proper functioning. These reactions are interlinked to one another via multiple pathways. The collection of these chemical reactions is known as metabolism.
Plant Metabolism
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Non-equilibrium in the Cell01:16

Non-equilibrium in the Cell

An important concept in studying metabolism and energy is that of chemical equilibrium. Most chemical reactions are reversible. They can proceed in both directions, releasing energy into their environment in one direction, and absorbing it from the environment in the other direction. The same is true for the chemical reactions involved in cell metabolism, such as the breaking down and building up of proteins into and from individual amino acids, respectively. Reactants within a closed system...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells
06:21

Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells

Published on: November 21, 2018

Rethinking the regulation of cellular metabolism.

C B Thompson1

  • 1Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. craig@mskcc.org

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
|March 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular metabolism is not self-regulating; signal transduction events influence nutrient uptake and metabolic processes in metazoan cells. This challenges the long-held view of cell autonomy in metabolism.

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Calorespirometry: A Powerful, Noninvasive Approach to Investigate Cellular Energy Metabolism
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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

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Calorespirometry: A Powerful, Noninvasive Approach to Investigate Cellular Energy Metabolism
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Calorespirometry: A Powerful, Noninvasive Approach to Investigate Cellular Energy Metabolism

Published on: May 31, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolic Regulation

Background:

  • Traditional biological models viewed cellular metabolism as a self-regulating, homeostatic process.
  • This perspective assumed metabolic control was independent of extracellular signals and cell-autonomous.
  • The link between signal transduction pathways and cellular energy-intensive processes was largely unexamined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the connection between signal transduction and cellular metabolism.
  • To challenge the established paradigm of cell-autonomous nutrient uptake and metabolism.
  • To explore how external signals influence cellular energy processes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence challenging cell-autonomous metabolism.
  • Analysis of signal transduction pathways influencing cellular processes.
  • Examination of nutrient uptake mechanisms in metazoan cells.

Main Results:

  • A significant body of evidence contradicts the notion of cell-autonomous metabolism.
  • Signal transduction events are linked to cellular processes like growth and division.
  • Metazoan cells' nutrient uptake and metabolism are influenced by external factors.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular metabolism is not solely a homeostatic, self-regulating process.
  • Signal transduction pathways play a crucial role in regulating cellular metabolism.
  • The traditional view of cell-autonomous metabolism requires re-evaluation based on new evidence.