Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Prompt-directed ambient artificial intelligence for automated multidisciplinary tumor board documentation.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·2026

Same author

The in vitro alkaline comet assay with liver models as a complementary tool for genotoxicity assessment of N-nitrosamines.

Archives of toxicology·2026

Same author

Stage-Specific Proteomic Profiles in Dental Caries.

Journal of dental research·2025

Same author

Effects of auditory enrichment on Pekin duck production and welfare.

Poultry science·2025

Same author

Non-operative Versus Operative Management of Perianal Abscess in Infants: A 10-year Retrospective Study at Two Centres in the United Kingdom.

Journal of pediatric surgery·2024

Same author

A Mentoring Network for Diversity in Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research.

Journal of dental research·2024

Same journal

European Paediatric Surgeons' Association Consensus Statement on the Management of Meconium Ileus.

European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie·2026

Same journal

Dynamic Compression System versus Self-Adjustable Bracing for Pectus Carinatum: Clinical Outcomes and Cost Comparison.

European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie·2026

Same journal

International Variation in Pediatric Gastrostomy Insertion Techniques and Perioperative Management: A Survey of Members of the European Pediatric Surgeons' Association.

European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie·2026

Same journal

Surgical versus Non-Surgical Management of High-Grade Pediatric Pancreatic Trauma: A National TQIP Analysis Stratified by Hemodynamic Stability.

European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie·2026

Same journal

Pneumatic Balloon Dilation versus Heller's Myotomy in Pediatric Achalasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie·2026

Same journal

Bar-Related Infections After Minimally Invasive Repair of Pectus Excavatum: A 25-Year Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Published on: November 30, 2021

Advanced necrotizing enterocolitis part 1: mortality.

M Thyoka¹, P de Coppi, S Eaton

¹Department of Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital and UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.

European Journal of Pediatric Surgery : Official Journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [Et Al] = Zeitschrift Fur Kinderchirurgie

|March 22, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mortality for advanced necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains high at 32%, even with minimal bowel involvement. Improvements in neonatal care have not reduced death rates for this severe infant condition.

More Related Videos

Microfluidic Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Incorporating Human Neonatal Intestinal Enteroids and a Dysbiotic Microbiome

Microfluidic Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Incorporating Human Neonatal Intestinal Enteroids and a Dysbiotic Microbiome

Published on: July 28, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Published on: November 30, 2021

Microfluidic Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Incorporating Human Neonatal Intestinal Enteroids and a Dysbiotic Microbiome

Microfluidic Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Incorporating Human Neonatal Intestinal Enteroids and a Dysbiotic Microbiome

Published on: July 28, 2023

Area of Science:

Neonatal Surgery
Pediatric Gastroenterology
Critical Care Medicine

Background:

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease in infants.
Advanced NEC often requires surgical intervention.
Mortality rates for surgical NEC have remained a concern despite advances in neonatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify factors associated with mortality in infants undergoing surgical treatment for advanced necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

Main Methods:

A retrospective review of infants with confirmed NEC (Bell stage II or III) treated between January 2002 and December 2010.
Comparison of data between survivors and nonsurvivors using Mann-Whitney and Fisher's exact tests.
Analysis of gestational age, birth weight, gender distribution, and extent of intestinal disease.

Main Results:

Of 205 infants with NEC, 170 (83%) underwent surgery, and 66 (32%) died.
Mortality was highest in infants with pan-intestinal disease (86%) but significant in those with multifocal (39%) and focal (21%) disease.
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome was the most common cause of death, with care withdrawal in nearly half of nonsurvivors.

Conclusions:

Overall mortality for advanced NEC remains high at 32% and has not improved over a 10-year period.
Significant mortality is observed even in cases with minimal bowel involvement.
Further strategies are needed to improve outcomes for infants with necrotizing enterocolitis requiring surgery.