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Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.

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Related Experiment Video

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NF-κB-dependent Luciferase Activation and Quantification of Gene Expression in Salmonella Infected Tissue Culture Cells
10:57

NF-κB-dependent Luciferase Activation and Quantification of Gene Expression in Salmonella Infected Tissue Culture Cells

Published on: January 12, 2020

Lessons from mathematically modeling the NF-κB pathway.

Soumen Basak1, Marcelo Behar, Alexander Hoffmann

  • 1Systems Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India.

Immunological Reviews
|March 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mathematical modeling offers key insights into the complex nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling system. This approach helps understand its steady state, dynamics, and crosstalk, revealing biological relevance.

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Area of Science:

  • Systems biology
  • Computational biology
  • Molecular systems biology

Background:

  • The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is a highly complex and dynamic system involving over 50 proteins.
  • Mathematical modeling is a crucial tool for dissecting complex biological networks and dynamic systems.
  • Previous modeling efforts have explored only a fraction of the NF-κB system's components and regulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a personal account of using mathematical modeling to understand the NF-κB signaling system.
  • To elucidate key regulatory mechanisms within the NF-κB pathway.
  • To discuss the biological significance of the system's regulatory properties.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical descriptions of molecular mechanisms governing the NF-κB system.
  • Integration of mathematical modeling with experimental analysis.
  • Focus on analyzing steady-state control, signaling dynamics, and signaling crosstalk.

Main Results:

  • Mathematical modeling has yielded significant insights into the NF-κB system's function.
  • Key regulatory components and their roles in controlling steady state and dynamics have been identified.
  • Understanding of signaling crosstalk within the NF-κB pathway has been enhanced.

Conclusions:

  • Mathematical modeling is essential for deciphering the complexities of the NF-κB signaling network.
  • The study highlights the importance of regulatory properties for biological function.
  • Further modeling efforts are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of this vital signaling system.