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Related Concept Videos

Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...

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Updated: May 23, 2026

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
03:47

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

Published on: October 25, 2024

Tuberculous orbital abscess associated with thyroid tuberculosis.

Kumudini Sharma1, Vikas Kanaujia, Anu Jain

  • 1Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.

Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research
|March 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case report details a rare instance of tuberculosis affecting both the thyroid and orbit in a child. Prompt treatment with antitubercular drugs led to significant improvement.

Keywords:
Cold AbscessOrbital TuberculosisThyroid Tuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health concern.
  • Orbital and thyroid involvement are rare manifestations of TB.

Observation:

  • A six-year-old boy presented with unilateral upper eyelid swelling and a neck mass.
  • Diagnostic workup revealed acid-fast bacilli in a thyroid fine needle aspirate.
  • Imaging suggested hematogenous spread to the orbit.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with a cold tuberculous thyroid abscess and presumed orbital TB.
  • Treatment with antitubercular drugs resulted in marked clinical improvement of both lesions.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering TB in the differential diagnosis of pediatric orbital and thyroid masses.
  • It underscores the potential for unusual presentations of tuberculosis, even in immunocompetent children.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for favorable outcomes in rare TB manifestations.