Quality of Life in Patients with Posterior Segment Eye Diseases

Posterior segment eye diseases pose a significant threat to vision-related quality of life, affecting functional independence, psychological health, and social well-being. Conditions such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration are leading causes of blindness, often resulting in severe emotional distress and reduced mobility. Optic neuritis and optic neuropathy can lead to vision loss and increase the risk of depression, particularly in patients with multiple sclerosis. Retinal disorders like central serous chorioretinopathy and retinitis pigmentosa disrupt daily tasks such as reading and driving, thus leading to social isolation and economic burden. Hypertensive retinopathy and retinal detachment further contribute to vision impairment, with long-term implications for functional ability and mental health. Inherited retinal diseases such as Stargardt disease and Leber congenital amaurosis significantly reduce quality of life from an early age and negatively affect education, employment opportunities, and psychological well-being. Additionally, the economic impact of these diseases is substantial, with high treatment costs and productivity loss. On the other hand, vision rehabilitation, psychological support, and advancements in gene and pharmacological therapy can largely mitigate the adverse effects on quality of life associated with posterior segment diseases. Therefore, a comprehensive approach that integrates medical, psychological, and social interventions is essential for improving patient outcomes. Future research should focus on developing innovative treatments and patient-centered care strategies to improve the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition.